CSS Animations & Transitions

CSS Transitions

transition property

.element {
  transition: property duration timing-function delay;
}

.button {
  transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
  /* Shorthand for:
  transition-property: all;
  transition-duration: 0.3s;
  transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
  transition-delay: 0s; */
}

transition properties

.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background: blue;
  transition: width 0.5s ease, height 0.5s ease, background 0.3s ease;
}

.box:hover {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  background: red;
}

timing functions

.element {
  transition-timing-function: ease; /* default */
  transition-timing-function: ease-in;
  transition-timing-function: ease-out;
  transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
  transition-timing-function: linear;
  transition-timing-function: cubic-bezier(0.1, 0.7, 1.0, 0.1);
}

CSS Animations

@keyframes

@keyframes slideIn {
  from {
    transform: translateX(-100%);
    opacity: 0;
  }
  to {
    transform: translateX(0);
    opacity: 1;
  }
}

.element {
  animation: slideIn 0.5s ease-out;
}

animation properties

.element {
  animation-name: slideIn;
  animation-duration: 1s;
  animation-timing-function: ease-in-out;
  animation-delay: 0.5s;
  animation-iteration-count: infinite;
  animation-direction: alternate;
  animation-fill-mode: both;
  animation-play-state: running;
}

animation shorthand

.element {
  animation: slideIn 1s ease-in-out 0.5s infinite alternate both;
}

Advanced Animations

Multiple animations

.element {
  animation: 
    slideIn 0.5s ease-out,
    fadeIn 0.8s ease-in 0.2s both;
}

Step animations

@keyframes typing {
  from { width: 0 }
  to { width: 100% }
}

.typing-animation {
  animation: typing 3s steps(40, end);
}

3D transforms

.card {
  transform: perspective(1000px) rotateY(0deg);
  transition: transform 0.6s ease;
}

.card:hover {
  transform: perspective(1000px) rotateY(180deg);
}

Performance Considerations

Hardware acceleration

.animate {
  /* Sử dụng transform và opacity cho hiệu suất tốt nhất */
  transform: translateZ(0);
  will-change: transform;
}

Properties to animate

/* Good for performance */
transform: translateX(100px);
transform: scale(1.2);
opacity: 0.5;

/* Bad for performance */
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
margin-left: 100px;

Practical Examples

Loading animation

@keyframes bounce {
  0%, 100% {
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
  50% {
    transform: translateY(-20px);
  }
}

.loading-dot {
  animation: bounce 1s infinite ease-in-out;
}

.loading-dot:nth-child(2) {
  animation-delay: 0.1s;
}

.loading-dot:nth-child(3) {
  animation-delay: 0.2s;
}

Hover effects

.button {
  transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
}

.button:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px) scale(1.05);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}